{"id":14393,"date":"2017-07-11T05:52:30","date_gmt":"2017-07-11T04:52:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/?p=14393"},"modified":"2020-10-04T19:53:03","modified_gmt":"2020-10-04T18:53:03","slug":"qui-pendra-la-sonnette-au-chat-une-fable-medievale-deustache-deschamps","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/index.php\/2017\/07\/11\/qui-pendra-la-sonnette-au-chat-une-fable-medievale-deustache-deschamps\/","title":{"rendered":"Qui pendra la sonnette au chat ?, une fable m\u00e9di\u00e9vale d&rsquo;Eustache Deschamps"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"moyen-1593062924\" class=\"moyen-before-content moyen-entity-placement\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3035390706780632\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3035390706780632\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"\" \ndata-ad-format=\"auto\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div><p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/poesie_fable_litterature_monde_medieval_moyen-age.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-14402 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/poesie_fable_litterature_monde_medieval_moyen-age.jpg\" alt=\"poesie_fable_litterature_monde_medieval_moyen-age\" width=\"109\" height=\"234\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/poesie_fable_litterature_monde_medieval_moyen-age.jpg 251w, https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/poesie_fable_litterature_monde_medieval_moyen-age-140x300.jpg 140w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 109px) 100vw, 109px\" \/><\/a>Sujet<\/strong> : po\u00e9sie m\u00e9di\u00e9vale, \u00a0satirique, morale, fables, valeurs humaines, m\u00e9taphores animali\u00e8res, Isopets, Ysopet,\u00a0 litt\u00e9rature m\u00e9di\u00e9vale,\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/?s=ballade\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ballade<\/a>, fran\u00e7ais ancien,<br \/>\n<strong>P\u00e9riode<\/strong>\u00a0 : moyen-\u00e2ge tardif<br \/>\n<strong>Auteur <\/strong>\u00a0:\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/index.php\/moyen-age\/musique-medieval-historique-fantaisie-celtique\/eustache-deschamps\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Eustache Deschamps<\/a>\u00a0(1346-1406)<br \/>\n<strong>Titre <\/strong>\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Le chat et les souris \u00bb<br \/>\n<strong>Ouvrage <\/strong>\u00a0: \u00a0Po\u00e9sies morales et historiques d\u2019Eustache Deschamps,\u00a0<em><strong>Georges Adrien Crapelet <\/strong><\/em>\u00a0(1832)<\/p>\n<p>Bonjour \u00e0 tous,<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-1421\" src=\"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/F_lettrine_moyen_age_passion-copia.jpg\" alt=\"F_lettrine_moyen_age_passion-copia\" width=\"108\" height=\"103\" \/>illes d&rsquo;<strong>Esope<\/strong>, \u00e9crivain grec des VIIe et VIe si\u00e8cles avant J\u00e9sus-Christ, dont on a fait l&rsquo;illustre p\u00e8re bien avant <em><strong>La Fontaine<\/strong><\/em>, les fables se sont perp\u00e9tu\u00e9es avec succ\u00e8s dans la France du moyen-\u00e2ge central.<\/p>\n<h2>Les fables au moyen-\u00e2ge<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Recopi\u00e9es \u00a0tout d&rsquo;abord en latin \u00e0 partir des \u00e9crits de <em><strong>Ph\u00e8dre<\/strong><\/em>, fabuliste du Ier si\u00e8cle de notre \u00e8re, adaptateur d&rsquo;<em><strong>Esope<\/strong><\/em>, mais aussi \u00e0 partir des oeuvres du \u00a0fabuliste romain de langue grecque <em><strong>Babrius<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0(IIe si\u00e8cle) ou encore \u00a0du po\u00e8te romain <em><strong>Avianus<\/strong><\/em> des IVe et Ve si\u00e8cles, les fables gagneront leurs lettres de noblesse en anglo-normand et en fran\u00e7ais sous la plume de la c\u00e9l\u00e8bre po\u00e9tesse <em><strong>Marie de France<\/strong><\/em>. \u00a0Un <a href=\"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/Marie_de_France_enluminures_fables_isopets_poesie_medievale_moyen-age_central_XIIe.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright wp-image-31605 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/Marie_de_France_enluminures_fables_isopets_poesie_medievale_moyen-age_central_XIIe-s.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"265\" height=\"217\" \/><\/a>peu avant la fin du XIIe, cette derni\u00e8re en \u00e9crira, en effet, plus de 100.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #999999;\">Enluminure,\u00a0 Marie de France, Ms. 3142, BnF (retouche feuille d&rsquo;or)<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sur l&rsquo;ensemble, elle ne se contentera pas de retranscrire et de paraphraser l&rsquo;h\u00e9ritage des auteurs latins et grecs des origines, elle cr\u00e9era aussi un bon nombre de fables in\u00e9dites, consacrant l\u00e0 un v\u00e9ritable genre litt\u00e9raire. Ses \u00e9crits seront, \u00a0par la suite, \u00a0largement repris contribuant \u00e0 la diffusion du genre dans les si\u00e8cles suivants.\u00a0On les conna\u00eetra alors sous le nom d&rsquo;Isopets ou Ysopets, d\u00e9riv\u00e9s du nom de l&rsquo;illustre <em><strong>Esope<\/strong><\/em> \u00e9voqu\u00e9 plus haut. \u00a0C&rsquo;est ind\u00e9niable, la satire de la com\u00e9die humaine\u00a0derri\u00e8re l&rsquo;\u00e9cran de l&rsquo;image animali\u00e8re s\u00e9duit et ce n&rsquo;est pas le <em><strong>Roman de Renart<\/strong> <\/em>et son succ\u00e8s, d\u00e8s la\u00a0fin du XIIe et les d\u00e9buts\u00a0du XIIIe si\u00e8cle qui viendront le d\u00e9mentir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/eustache_deschamps_poesie_litterature_fable_moyen-age_isopets_ballade_medievale_chat_souris_sonnette.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-31608 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/eustache_deschamps_poesie_litterature_fable_moyen-age_isopets_ballade_medievale_chat_souris_sonnette-s.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"929\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/eustache_deschamps_poesie_litterature_fable_moyen-age_isopets_ballade_medievale_chat_souris_sonnette-s.jpg 700w, https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/eustache_deschamps_poesie_litterature_fable_moyen-age_isopets_ballade_medievale_chat_souris_sonnette-s-226x300.jpg 226w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Ballade &amp; Fable : Le chat et les souris d&rsquo;Eustache Deschamps<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Comme nous l&rsquo;avions d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9voqu\u00e9 dans un portrait pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent, au XIVe si\u00e8cle et un peu plus pr\u00e8s d\u00e9j\u00e0 du moyen-\u00e2ge tardif, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/index.php\/tag\/fables\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Eustache Deschamps <\/a>s&rsquo;essayera lui aussi au genre de la fable et m\u00eame \u00e0 quelques autres d\u00e9riv\u00e9s autour de la m\u00e9taphore animali\u00e8re. La fable\u00a0du jour est devenue, sans nul doute, la plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bre d&rsquo;entre elles qui se trouve \u00eatre aussi une ballade. Elle doit, entre autre, son succ\u00e8s \u00e0 son refrain : \u00ab\u00a0<em><strong>Qui pendra la sonnette au chat?<\/strong><\/em>\u00ab\u00a0.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Autrement dit : Qui viendra pendre le grelot au cou du chat ? Au moment de conseiller ou d&rsquo;argumenter, tout le monde est bien d&rsquo;accord, mais au moment d&rsquo;agir et d&rsquo;en avoir le courage, il en reste peu pour prendre le risque d&rsquo;entreprendre une affaire p\u00e9rilleuse pour le bien de tous ? La question reste pos\u00e9e et ouverte dans cette fable qui inspirera d&rsquo;ailleurs, \u00e0 son tour, <em><strong>Jean de\u00a0<\/strong><strong>La fontaine <\/strong><\/em>dans\u00a0son <em><strong>Conseil tenu par les Rats, <\/strong><\/em>et<em><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>lui tirera cette morale :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u00ab\u00a0Ne faut-il que d\u00e9lib\u00e9rer,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>La cour en conseillers foisonne ;<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Est-il besoin d&rsquo;ex\u00e9cuter,<\/em><br \/>\n<em>L&rsquo;on ne rencontre plus personne.\u00a0\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/deco_frise.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-13632\" src=\"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/deco_frise.jpg\" alt=\"deco_frise\" width=\"500\" height=\"76\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/deco_frise.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/deco_frise-300x46.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Je treuve qu&rsquo;entre les souris<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Ot un merveilleux parlement<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Contre les chas leurs ennemis,<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">A veoir mani\u00e8re comment<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Elles vesquissent* seurement <\/span><\/em><\/strong><span style=\"color: #999999;\"><em>(* v\u00e9curent)<\/em><\/span><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Sanz demourer en tel d\u00e9bat;<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">L&rsquo;une dist lors en arguant :<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Qui pendra la sonnette au chat?<br \/>\n<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Cilz consaulz fut conclus et prins ;<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Lors se partent commun\u00e9ment.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Une souris du plat pais<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Les encontre et va demandant<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Qu&rsquo;om a fait: lors vont respondant<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Que leur ennemi seront mat :<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Sonnette aront ou coul pendant.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Qui pendra la sonnette au chat?<br \/>\n<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">\u00ab\u00a0Cest le plus fort\u00a0\u00bb, dist un rat gris<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Elle demande saigement<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Par qui sera cilz fais fournis.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Lors s&rsquo;en va chascune excusant ;\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Il n&rsquo;y ot point d&rsquo;ex\u00e9cutant,<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">S&rsquo;en va leur besongne de plat;<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Bien fut dit, mais, au demeurant,<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Qui pandra la sonnette au chat?<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">L&rsquo;envoy<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><br \/>\nPrince, on conseille bien souvent,<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Mais on puet dire, com le rat.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Du conseil qui sa fin ne prant :<\/span><\/em><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><em><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Qui pendra la sonnette au chat?<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #808080;\"><em>Eustache Deschamps\u00a0\u00a0(1346-1406)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/deco_frise.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-13632\" src=\"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/deco_frise.jpg\" alt=\"deco_frise\" width=\"500\" height=\"76\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/deco_frise.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/deco_frise-300x46.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>En vous souhaitant une belle journ\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>Fred<br \/>\nPour moyenagepassion.com<br \/>\n<em><strong>A la d\u00e9couverte du moyen-\u00e2ge sous toutes ses formes<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sujet : po\u00e9sie m\u00e9di\u00e9vale, \u00a0satirique, morale, fables, valeurs humaines, m\u00e9taphores animali\u00e8res, Isopets, Ysopet,\u00a0 litt\u00e9rature m\u00e9di\u00e9vale,\u00a0 ballade, fran\u00e7ais ancien, P\u00e9riode\u00a0 : moyen-\u00e2ge tardif Auteur \u00a0:\u00a0 Eustache Deschamps\u00a0(1346-1406) Titre \u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Le chat et les souris \u00bb Ouvrage \u00a0: \u00a0Po\u00e9sies morales et historiques d\u2019Eustache Deschamps,\u00a0Georges Adrien Crapelet \u00a0(1832) Bonjour \u00e0 tous, illes d&rsquo;Esope, \u00e9crivain grec des VIIe et &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/index.php\/2017\/07\/11\/qui-pendra-la-sonnette-au-chat-une-fable-medievale-deustache-deschamps\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continuer la lecture de <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Qui pendra la sonnette au chat ?, une fable m\u00e9di\u00e9vale d&rsquo;Eustache Deschamps<\/span>  <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1404,3518,9],"tags":[330,2951,1100,1109,1447,2948,1915,2950,22,2947,18,913,2952,615,1598,688,2953,687,2946,2949,3516],"class_list":["post-14393","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-eustache-deschamps","category-marie-de-france","category-musique-medieval-historique-fantaisie-celtique","tag-ballade","tag-esope","tag-eustache-deschamps","tag-fables","tag-francais-ancien","tag-isopets","tag-litterature-medievale","tag-marie-de-france","tag-medievale","tag-metaphores-animalieres","tag-moyen-age","tag-moyen-age-tardif","tag-phedre","tag-poesie-medievale","tag-poesie-morale","tag-poesie-satirique","tag-poetesse","tag-satire","tag-valeurs-humaines","tag-ysopet","tag-ysopets"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14393"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14393"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14393\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":34416,"href":"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14393\/revisions\/34416"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14393"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14393"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.moyenagepassion.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14393"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}